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Professor Paolo Galli
is considered one of the most influential
scientists in the industry of plastic materials
and related technology.

He is one of the most successful figures in the
opening of new frontiers in the polymer
science and applications in the last 50 years.
Biography

Prof. Paolo Galli professional scientific and industrial biography

Born in Bassano del Grappa (Vicenza) on 29th August 1936.

- Graduated with a first in Industrial Chemistry at the Faculty of Science of the University of
Padua , with a published thesis entitled “Polymerisation of vinyl chloride at low temperatures”.

- In 1961, Prof. Galli won a national competition for a grant, sponsored by the Italian Employers Federation (Confindustria) open to all newly graduates university students in sciences. In addition to a monetary grant the prize also allowed the winner to carry out a specialisation period in the development of new industrial themes in the laboratories of one of the major Italian firms operating in the field chosen by the candidate.

- On 1st January 1962 he began his apprenticeship in his chosen field, “Development of New Polymerisation Technologies based on the Ziegler-Natta Catalysis” at the Hydrocarbon Research Institute (Istituto di Ricerche Idrocarburi) of Montecatini (MI), where he was supervised by Prof. Giulio Natta, attaining the relative specialisation on 31st June 1962.

- On 1st July 1962, he joined the Montecatini Company as a senior researcher for the same Institute and research team which had been lead by Prof. Giulio Natta. From 1st July 1962 to 31st December 1965 he set up and directed scale-up studies for the production of synthetic ethylene-propylene rubber, from the laboratory to pilot plant process, leading to its commercial success on an industrial scale in Ferrara (Italy) and Orange (Texas).

- He became director of “Engineering Research and Pilot Plants” section from 1st January 1966 to 30th September 1969. In this capacity he was responsible for developing the new polymerisation and petrochemical processes studied at the Hydrocarbon Research Institute (Istituto di Ricerche Idrocarburi) of Montecatini, from laboratory experimentation to production for the industrial sector.

- From 1st October 1969 to 31st December 1975 he was director of basic research and process development of the following family of products: Ziegler-Natta catalysts, ethylene-propylene rubber, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, and crystalline ethylene-propylene copolymers. During this period, he was responsible for the innovative research for the above mentioned technologies also taking charge of the development of processes, products and relative applications, strategic marketing and technical assistance at both the industry and customer level.

- In October 1975 the Montedison General Management put him in special charge of studying and proposing a finalised plan for an extreme life saving attempt and re-launching of the Ferrara research centre, otherwise destined to close down completely and moving the most prestigious personnel (already started at the time), the assets and know how to the Guido Donegani research Centre in Novara.
Once he accepted this charge, in the following two months he managed to conceive a new research strategy, by elaborating a project of complete and revolutionary centre re-organisation, based on the use of new organisational principles, more modern and dynamic research work modalities.
- The plan was immediately approved by the Montedison Management and on 1st January 1976, it entrusted him with this charge. Within a short time he defined the objective and new research structure in Ferrara organising everything from scratch, selecting and re-motivating the personnel, transforming, in a short time an already dying centre into one of the most vital, innovative technological realities world-wide.

- From 1st January 1976 to 31st November 1983, in this capacity, he instigated and directed basic research and products, and provided customers with technical assistance on the following product families:
  • Catalysts for olefin polymerisation;
  • Polypropylene and crystalline ethylene-propylene copolymers;
  • Linear low density polyethylene;
  • High density polyethylene;
  • Ethylene-propylene rubbers;
  • Polymeric-polyolefinic alloys;
  • Polyolefin synthetic pulp;
  • Styrene polymers;
  • Saturated polyesters (polyethylene-terephthalate, PBT co-polyesters and hot melts);
  • ABS Resins.

Throughout his career as a researcher, he laid the scientific and structural foundations for the philosophy, aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of all the problems pertaining to Basic research and the development of industrial technologies.

These principles, developed and then used as a fundamental base for the realisation of every research and development project, became the winning guide line of all the “G. Natta” Research Centre, the heart of the Montedison/Himont/Montell/Basell research operations.

All the important scientific discoveries and consequent industrial successes of Montedison technology in the polyolefin materials sector are based on this more advanced and complex concept of “Knowing Why” which is both more demanding and more rewarding than the more commonly understood concept based on process and product “Know How”. This kind of approach is still the main driving force for all Basell research.

In 1980 Prof.Galli successfully launched the initiative to dedicate the Research Centre of Ferrara (Centro Ricerche di Ferrara) to the memory of Giulio Natta to reinforce the Centre's public image world-wide and underline and spread the scientific research level carried out.
  • From 1st December 1983 to 1st May 1984, he managed the specialised Product and Polymer Division of Montedison in Milan.
  • From 1st May 1984 to 31st May 1985, he became the Managing Director of the newly established company, Dutral SpA, set up to guarantee a more dynamic technical and commercial development of the specialty product and polymer sector of the Montedison Group. This new company was immediately organised and began operating in the following businesses:

    • Specialty elastomers (EPR and Co-polyesters)
    • Engineering thermoplastics and high performance materials
    • Specialty polymers in general
    • High yield Ziegler-Natta catalysts
- On 1st June 1985 he assumed the position of Executive Vice-President of Technology, Himont Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware, USA.

- On 1st July 1989 he became Managing Director of all the Montedison Research Group while continuing as Vice President of Technology, Himont.

From 1st January 1991 to 1st May 1995 he was appointed to the following positions:
  • Corporate Director of Montecatini Research
  • President of Montecatini Technology S.r.l./ Spherilene
  • President of CSI- Montedison Applied Research
  • President of Orion A.C.T - Advanced Chemical Technologies
  • Member, Board of Directors Montecatini S.p.A
  • Member, Board of Directors Himont Inc. Wilmington (DE)
  • President of the International School of Advanced Studies in Polymer Science
As Corporate Director of Montecatini Research, President of Spherilene (of Orion A.C.T- Advanced Chemical Technologies) and of CSI-Montedison Applied Research, Prof. Gali was responsible for the co-ordination the various research projects for the different companies in the Montedison group.

- From May 1st 1995 to April 30th 1999 he organised and directed the new Montell Technology Company,the research company created by bringing together the polyolefins research, development, business support, licensing, catalyst production and marketing activities of Montecatini, Himont, Montecatini Technology, Spherilene and Shell companies.

As director of the new Company, he was responsible for the following specific responsibilities:
  • To direct all the research activities in the various Centres of the Company.
  • To ensure that the research is in line with company strategy at a corporate level. To guarantee the best co-ordination and synergy exchange of information and expertise among various research fields stimulating the highest of scientific, technological and marketing development research level.
  • To run a main information exchange service between the research centres and industrial and university research institutions at both a national and international level that conduct research activities of current or potential interest to the new company.
  • To assure excellent co-ordination and a synergistic exchange of information and competencies among the various research sectors, promoting the highest level of co-ordination among scientific, technological, and marketing developments, and the penetration of different geographical areas.
    One of his key personal responsibilities is to keep abreast of the latest market trends and needs, to meet these needs quickly and efficiently by applying the corporate technological capabilities to new and specific applications, and creating new outlets for the technologies for future markets.
  • To quickly identify the tendencies and emerging market needs and understand their request with the formulation of new applications, giving immediate and satisfying answers, developing specific applicative solutions and creating new commercial opportunities on the most advanced and interesting markets for the group products and technologies.
  • To manage the Montell Patent and Licensing department, ensuring Intellectual Property protection and using an adequate patent defence policy. He promotes and co-ordinates an aggressive patent activity to best re-evaluate the company's technology portfolio.
  • To manage technological and commercial development, production and marketing of all Montell's polymerisation catalysts, whether used at their own plants, their license holders, or third parties.
  • To co-operate with the President in formulating and approving the strategic plans for the expansion of the company. He contributes to the strategic corporate planning with great emphasis on technological potential, reinforcing one of the Montell strong points, being known as a "Technology Driven Company".
On 1st May 1999 he became Honorary President of Montell Technology Company, the company he himself desired, created and developed. This Company's assignment is the acknowledgement for the care in his activity, the role he held world-wide and the prestige he earned everywhere.

As "Technology Ambassador" of the Company he continued to represent and to promote the world-wide techno-scientific image of Montell / Basell Research, a position he kept until December 2005.

Since January 2006 he acts as technology Managing Director of FasTech Technology Company, a company operating in the field of polymer and rubber industry. Prof. Galli serves as a consultant and advisor on research and technology matters to various companies world-wide; he often sits as member of such companies scientific advisory boards.
Among them to be mentioned the Borealis STAB- Science and Technology Advisory Board and the Nova Chemicals one .

Prof.Galli is universally recognised the merit to have personally contributed to the development and achievement of Montedison/Himont/Montell/Basell technology throughout his career, which was of fundamental importance.

Scientific and managerial activity

Prof. Paolo Galli's scientific and managerial activity is universally acknowledged to have given the fundamental contribution to the new 'high yield' catalysis (H.Y.) technology - from the first discovery of H.Y. catalysts in 1968, to their industrial and commercial promotion and success - made possible by the launching of new industrial processes and their respective products, the promotion of the patenting activity and the expansion of new markets. He was recognised the merit of having fundamentally supported the creation, development and industrial achievements as the new technology in all the fields in the world both from a scientific evolution a technological and managerial one.

The most important contributions are summarised as follows:

1. Technological and scientific innovation revolutionising the respective sectors, creating a turning point in polyolefin and EPDM rubber technology in the world.
2. Setting up the organisation and management of the new basic research school on catalysis of polymerisation processes and products, taking the world by storm.
3. Creation of the global Montedison/Himont/Montell technological system.
4. Unfailing support for Montedison processes and industrial products with a determined technical and operative support, during moments of major crises.
5. Promotion and instigation of industrial projects of major significance and strategic relevance in the polyolefin and EPDM rubber sector.

(The most detailed description of 1-5 points is reported in Appendix (A))

The following are considered as important aspects of his activity which have had the deepest impact from a technological and managerial scientific point of view.

FROM A SCIENTIFIC POINT OF VIEW:
The discoveries with a revolutionary capacity and great innovative potential, that have distinguished the Ferrara research Centre scientific activity managed a by him and which have imposed themselves key-discoveries for the development of new technologies on polyolefins.

FROM A TECHNOLOGICAL AND INDUSTRIAL POINT OF VIEW:
The main attention and commitment devoted to the focalisation and solution of environmental problems, dominant reason and conductor of all the technological development promoted by him since the beginning of his carrier. The research directed by him was really in a pioneer direction long before time, he sensed that in the creation of new industrial processes and new products, it was necessary to consider the total respect of the environment as a main objective, since it was a fundamental requisite also for the industrial and commercial future success. The balanced and synergetic combination of the pair, scientific-technological innovation and environmental improvement, has resulted to be the determining factor to the leadership affirmation of Italian Technology in the world.

FROM A RESEARCH AND MARKETING STRATEGY POINT OF VIEW:

The great intuition that industrial research grows and develops only if it is aware of the necessities and social needs. He states, "We do not invent and make products, but properties".
Customers become part of the innovation process and the new "tailor-made" products. The incredible performances of the research centre make world-wide companies, working in the packaging, fibre, consumption goods, biomedical and car fields, turn to Ferrara. Prof. Galli uses the "comakership" model, inspired by a collaboration between producers and suppliers aimed at the optimisation of the final product. Consequently, the name of the "Giulio Natta Research Centre" becomes gradually known throughout the world as the most technologically advanced polyolefins research field. This is what has given the major contribute to the starting and development dynamic of these materials and technologies world-wide. Today, with hundreds of patents throughout the world, Ferrara with its "Giulio Natta" research centre, is considered as a global leader in polyolefins and hosts scores of technicians and managers from different countries and cultures, supplying a strong input to the local economy.

There are numerous publications regarding Prof. Galli and his Ferrara research team, just to mention one, as an example, the book "Breakthrough!" by Nayak and Ketteringham (Rawson Associates, New York), quotes Prof. Galli as:

"LEADER OF THE HIGH YIELD POLYPROPYLENE ADVENTURE, CONSIDERED ONE OF THE TEN MOST IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES IN THE LAST 50 YEARS, ONE OF THOSE THAT HAS REVOLUTIONALIZED MAN'S WAY OF LIVING, ...THE ONLY ITALIAN ONE."

Academic activities

1962-1963: Physics Chemistry Professor (thermodynamics and kinetics) )in the Industrial Chemistry Faculty of Bologna University

1963-1964: Kinetic-chemistry Professor in the Science Faculty of Bologna University

1964-1965: Industrial Physics Chemistry Professor in the Science Faculty of Bologna University.

1965-1973: Industrial Physics Chemistry Professor in the Science Faculty of Ferrara University.

1973-1983: Industrial Physics Chemistry Associate Chair Professor for the Science Faculty of Ferrara University.

1984-1997: Chair Professor in Macromolecular Chemistry for the Science Faculty of Ferrara University.

Main industrial achievements

His most important contributions from a scientific-industrial and managerial point of view have mainly been in the development and the full support of all the industrial projects described hereafter. He has co-ordinated every single project, planning from the laboratory studies to the development of the processes, the products and the relative applications in the pilot phase, up to the industrial scale till the full commercialisation, for the following technologies:
  • High yield catalysts Polyethylene process at the Brindisi plant; (1st example in the world of a Polyethylene plant operating with the high yield catalysts for the production of high and medium density polyethylene).
  • Polypropylene homopolymer produced with the diluent process and high yield catalysts in the Brindisi, Feluy (B), La Porte (TX) plants; (1st example in the world).
  • Crystalline, heterophasic propylene-based copolymers with the diluent process and high yield catalysts in the Brindisi and La Porte plants; (1st example in the world).
  • Polypropylene crystalline homopolymers and heterophasic propylene-based copolymers with the novel, revolutionary hybrid liquid monomer/gas phase Spheripol process, using spherical form high yield catalysts first in the plants of Brindisi, Ferrara, Terni, Feluy (B), Bayport (TX), Lake Charles (LA), Varennes (Canada), Antwerp (B). Spheripol process has been licensed to all the most important PP world producers and covers today over 60% of the total world PP production.
  • EPM and EPDM rubbers with the slurry process on the plants in Ferrara and Orange (TX), the latter for the B. F. Goodrich company; (first example in the world of EPDM plant operating in liquid monomer).
  • High yield catalysts with high stereospecificity, on the plants in Ferrara; (1st example in the world).
  • Synthetic polyolefinic paper, called Ferlosa, in the Ferrara plant; (1st example in the world).
  • LLDPE with high yield catalysts in the high pressure process in the plant in Priolo (Syracuse).
  • PCMA (Polypropylene Composite Materials and Alloys) in the Ferrara, Brindisi, Bayreuth (D), Milton Keynes (UK), Varennes, East Brunswick (N.J.), Taiwan plants.
  • Spherilene process in Bayport and Lake Charles; (1st example in the world.)
  • Catalloy process in Ferrara, Bayport and Moerdijk (N.L.); for a complete gamut of PO alloys).
  • Hivalloy process in Lake Charles; (1st example in the world of a plant for the production in synthesis of a large gamut of PO and polar monomer alloys).
He has directed the strategy and the Patent activities issuing more than a hundred patents for the Montedison / Himont / Montell companies. Currently, thanks to the Montecatini/Himont/Montell Licensing activity, 90% of all the polypropylene production in the world is made with Montell/Basell processes or under its patent licences.

Main official external aknowledgements

During his scientific and managerial activity he has published over 100 original works and deposited over 35 fundamental patents.

He is the author of numerous publications and scientific books, considered fundamental for scientific and technological relevance.

All this has contributed to make Prof. Galli one of the most requested speakers relators in the major worldwide conferences in the field.

He has received in particular the following high official acknowledgements on behalf of the most prestigious scientific and technological institutions and organizations at a world-wide level:

1) Rome, 1962: Winner/classified first among all the young Italian national igraduates in scientific disciplines, in a national public examination organised by the CONFINDUSTRIA.

2) Boston, May 1995: Winner of the "Outstanding 1995 Achievement Award" in thermoplastics and expanded materials of the Plastic Materials Division of the American "Plastics Engineers Society".

3) New Orleans, Spring 1996: Special acknowledgement for the scientific contribution due to the development of the New Polyolefin technologies. Such an acknowledgement was presented by the "Chemical Market Resources" during "Flexpo 1996" Conference.

4) Portomaggiore, September 1996: Special award "Federico Bernagozzi" assigned for the scientific activity carried out in chemical research in Italy and the world.

5) New York, October 1996: Free Honorary Lecturer in Chemical Engineering at the "International University Studiorum Superiorum PRO-DEO" representing the most important Universities in North America.

6) Florence, September 1997: awarded titles of “Knight of Sacro Romano Impero” and “Knight of Tau of San Giacomo di Altopascio” in acknowledgement of the innovative scientific discoveries.

7) Florence, March 1998: Special acknowledgement as “Member of the Academy of the Georgofili for scientific careers.
The Academy, that is the most prestigious and the oldest in the world, awards such an acknowledgement to eminent Italian and foreign personalities. The Presidents of the U.S. Jefferson, Madison and Monroe are examples of eminent foreign personalities who had been given the award of member of the Academy.

8) Wien, November 1998: presented the "Hermann F. Mark" medal. This prestigious award is reserved exclusively to scientists having world-wide fame for their fundamental scientific contributions in Macromolecular Chemistry.

The prize motivation of "Hermann F. Mark" was the following:

On November 11th, 1998, in Vienna, Professor Paolo Galli was awarded with the Herman F. Mark Medal in recognition of "his outstanding contribution in the development of the materials.
The medal was presented to him by Dr. Einem, Austrian Minister of Science.
Statement of the Coordination Committee has been:

"fur besondere Verdienste
auf dem Gebiet der Polyolefinforschung,
insbesondere der Katalyse"


More in particular the statement of the Coordination Committee was:

"Professor Galli has been above any doubt the person that after, and together with, Ziegler and Natta has given the most significant and authoritative contribution to the advancement of the Polyolefins Technology in general and to Polypropylene in particular. Today in the world, when one speaks of polypropylene, it is identified with him."

(Dr. Hans J. Kaluza, Dr. Norbert Rozsenich, Prof Dr. Otto Vogl, Prof. Dr. Rolf Mulhaupt, Prof. Dr. Otto Hinterhofer, Dr. Dieter Freitag et al)

9) Rome, December 1999: awarded the Membership of the European Academy for Social and Economic relations for his contribution, with his own work, to the evolution of knowledge respecting the principles of morality, honesty and civil sense.

10) Bayer-Leverkusen, June 2002: awarded with the Bayer Silver Medal in Krefeld-Uerdingen for his excellent performance and fundamental achievements in materials research.

11) Ferara, May 2005: Giulio Natta award for the Scientific Research and the Technology Innovation, in Ferrara, "in recognition of his outstanding contribution to the discovery of the revolutionary very high performance catalysts and processes".

12) Chicago, June 2009: awarded with the most prestigious North American Science and Technology acknowledgement: the induction to the HALL of FAME for the Chemistry, becoming the second Italian after Prof. Giulio Natta to receive this award.(Att.2)

13) Saint Petersburg, March 2012: elected member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences as "Foreign Member of the Academy". The Russian Academy of Sciences is extremely selective in the election of the members; Paolo Galli is the only Italian elected as Foreign Member of the Academy.


Enclosed please find in Exhibit 1 a summary of the main scientific and technology achievements of Paolo Galli, as an excerpt from the statement issued by the Giulio Natta Award Scientific Committee on the occasion of the award assigned to Prof Galli in Ferrara, May 1995.

APPENDIX (A)

A.1 INNOVATION AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
Prof. Galli's personal contribution in terms of innovation is universally recognised as the basis of the beginning and development of a new revolutionary polyolefin technology and is why the "G.Natta" Research Centre holds its current prominent position in the world of technology.

Listed are some of his more important and original personal contributions:

1. The fundamental contribution is the invention of the high-yield catalysis for the polymerisation of alpha-olefins, first achieved by identifying the type, role and chemical nature of the ideal support in the creation of all new high-yield catalysts: the MgCl2 in active Delta form.

2. The scientific identification, explanation and placement of the replica phenomenologies of the catalyst introducing a true "NEW DIMENSION" to catalysis, revolutionising technology. He created the scientific basis and set up the industrial development of this fundamental technological "breakthrough", which gave the plastics industry a new push.

3. The conception and the creation of the "Ideal Catalyst" for olefins polymerisation, the fundamental basis for the development of all the new polymerisation processes of Montedison /Himont/Montell.

4. The concept of the theoretical model and the technological development of the "Reactor Granule", providing the fundamental premise and scientific basis for the technological and commercial development of processes based on "Reactor Granule Technology": Spheripol, Spherilene, Catalloy, and Hivalloy.

5. The concept and development of new breakthrough technologies:
a) "Mixed catalysis" which permits the use of "Reactor Granule Technology" for all catalytic systems of polymerisation of the homogeneous type, no longer limited to Ziegler-Natta catalysis.
b) The innovative "Multizone Circulating Reactor" with its revolutionary impact on the concept of all the new generations of polymerisation processes and products.

6. Understanding the structural model and setting up of research on polymeric alloys, the technological and commercial development of the early polypropylene alloy-based manufactured goods in the auto industry and the production of a novel generation of Polyolefin-Based Bumpers that have revolutionised the auto-industry world-wide.
Indeed, Prof. Galli not only conceived the theoretical foundations of novel thermoplastic materials, but also successfully mastered the industrial processes required for their mass production as well as pioneered one of the most original and successful applications for these materials: car bumpers. It was due to Prof. Galli's vision of the more resilient and shock-absorbent capabilities of polypropylene over steel, and then his stubborn pursuit and promotion of that concept which ultimately persuaded FIAT to roll out the world's first ever plastic automobile bumper (the FIAT 128 model launched in 1972), a landmark in the car industry which quickly became the norm and expanded from just the bumper area of the vehicle to the whole shock-absorbing front-facing and back-facing sections of automobiles and even trucks. For further details see the following chapter: "The Plastic Bumper: A Breakthrough in the Automobile Industry".

The Plastic Bumper: A Breakthrough in the Automobile Industry

As a follow up to his revolutionary discoveries in the field of catalysis and polymerization processes, Prof. Paolo Galli conceived a new family of thermoplastic and thermo elastomeric materials. He realized that those completely new materials could have a huge impact in the automotive industry, and in particular when applied to develop a novel family of bumpers. In the early 70s, Prof Galli had conceived and developed a model for an innovative impact-adsorbing bumper which he then presented to most of the automotive manufacturers in Europe and USA.
The unanimous reaction initially had been to consider the idea as ridiculous!
A couple of months later, however, Prof Galli received a telephone call on from Ing Felice Cornacchia,Director of New Projects Department at FIAT, in which he said: "Professor Galli - that idea of yours of placing "a tennis ball" instead of an anvil in front of the car may actually be a clever one". A new FIAT-Montedison R&D project stated immediately thereafter and six month later, in early 1972, the new FIAT 128 model equipped with the new elasto-plastic bumper model (the first ever plastic bumper in the world) was launched. It was a successful experiment, immediately followed by a further revolutionary model of new car, the FIAT Ritmo, where the entire front and back bumpers were made of elasto-plastic materials.
It was a great and successful technology innovation matched by immediate commercial success. The Fiat Ritmo is still featured at the London Museum of Science &Technology.
It was the first step in a process which eventually revolutionized the entire car industry, where the use of plastic materials became increasingly more widespread.
Both Prof Galli and Ing. Cornacchia received in the following years important awards in recognition of their initiative and vision in setting this revolution in motion.

7. The conception and research of an early generation of biodegradable materials based on the blending of polyolefins and agriculture - sourced starches, and the related manufacturing technologies to allow mass production for application primarily in the packaging industry.

A.2 SETTING UP OF A WORLD CLASS RESEARCH SCHOOL

Adopting new approaches to research problems, aimed at understanding fundamental phenomenology, together with his subsequent position of a guiding role in research, up to the final commercial "scale-up" of every new technology are all a measure of Prof. Galli's leadership in the new school of research.

On this basis, Prof. Galli created, organised, encouraged and led Ferrara's research school with the aim to fully develop principal scientific innovations in a thorough and dynamic way till their complete realisation.

In the last 30 years, this school has played a leading role in the area of polyolefin development gaining for itself a world-wide reputation.

A.3 CREATION OF THE MONTEDISON/HIMONT/MONTELL POLYOLEFINS TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM

Prof. Galli's scientific achievements and managerial experience were fully realised by the early 70s when he established himself as a leader in the more innovative research projects in polyolefins and became the director of the Ferrara Research Centre.

He was responsible for the centre's radical reorganisation, made possible thanks to his ability to transfer and instil in his colleagues a new techno-scientific confidence combined with motivation, courage, initiative and enthusiasm.

This process led to a complete radical change of direction in the evolution of the Ferrara Research Centre, from the regressive phase and the planned demobilisation of the early 70s, to its current leading position internationally in the scientific and technological world.

Within a 5 year period-from 1976, the year in which he began reorganising the Ferrara Research Centre, to 1980, the year which was dedicated to Professor Giulio Natta, the foundations were laid for the techno-scientific and managerial development, which were based on the work of a selected special group of people, that understood how to impose the respect and recognition that Montedison technology and the "Giulio Natta" Research Centre has gained in the world today.

Prof. Galli successfully and systematically ran both the technological and geographic reorganisation and expansion of Himont Research, taking on the role of "Executive Vice President of Technology" in the years 1985-1995 and subsequently taking on the role of Chairman of the "Technology Company", following the merger of Montecatini/Himont/Shell and the consequent creation of Montell, and was in charge of all technological licensing production and catalysts marketing systems of Montell Technology Company B.V.

A.4 UNFAILING SUPPORT FOR TECHNOLOGIES IN MARKETING PHASE IN MOMENTS OF EXTREME DIFFICULTY

Prof. Galli's intervention and his gifted leadership, proved to be indispensable not only during Montecatini's, Montediso'’s and Himont's development and flourishment but particularly when faced with a number of different technological crises during these years.

He took on the responsibility, when on occasions products had been prematurely brought to the industrial phase, of taking over and re-starting, and then re-launching them on an industrial and commercial scale.

In such circumstances, Prof. Galli demonstrated his incomparable problem solving skills by promptly finding the right solutions, and he co-ordinated the efforts and interventions of his team, so as to react immediately, with respect to the complex political - social and contested ecological balances.

PROMOTING HIS PRIMARY RESPONSABILITIES TOWARDS THE COMPANY

Prof Galli's work is always motivated by a commitment and a dedication to science. This motivation is based on his conviction of the substantial importance of research and the use of the results obtained in pursuing social innovation and utility, which are aimed at improving the collective quality of life.

The success of "The High Yield Polypropylene Challenge" is attributed to the Professor's special gift in keeping up with the times and his spirit of initiative which indicates a figure that almost recalls Schumpeter's dear entrepreneur.

The genesis and extraordinary significance of his work, which will be put forward again, is owed to his professionalism and convictions, qualities which were skilfully passed on to his collaborators. However, firstly, it is of fundamental importance to take into account his scientific enterprise as a whole and how he has showed the utmost respect for environmental and social equilibrium. This attitude, embraced by the Professor and his Team, evolved by agreeing to practise science with a sense of responsibility. His most important research projects and crowning achievements successfully conceived, co-ordinated and carried out due to combined efforts and enthusiasm, are the following:

- HIGH YIELD POLYOLEFIN CATALYSTS
Determining thorough scientific examination and the setting up of the very first, novel and revolutionary H.Y. catalyst for polyethylene and polypropylene with industrial use. They have been developed from laboratory scale to pilot plant and commercial scale. They did represented and are still the most successful and profitable business for Himont/Montell/Basell.

- SPHERIPOL
He has conceived and developed a polymerisation process able to exploit all the best properties and potential of the new revolutionary H.Y. catalyst in order to make them able to generate with a total versatility all the best and novel properties the polypropylene materials today show.
Today the Spheripol process is the best, most versatile, mostly widely used and reliable polypropylene process in the world covering over 60% of the market.

- CATALLOY
He wanted and started the research and development of a new polyolefin alloy process that obviated and overcame the limitations of the previous processes in terms of technological versatility and the properties of obtainable products which would allow the new "ideal" catalysts to reach their fullest potential in their ability to create new special polyolefin alloy materials.

- HIVALLOY
He conceived the idea, implemented the technical scientific background, and made the study plans of this revolutionary family of materials and development obtainable, thanks to a production process based on the use of new catalysts that for novelty and commercial impact is to be considered fundamental in the polyolefin technology.

- POLYETHYLENE
Prof. Galli conceived the idea of developing a new versatile technology, able to supply an ample range of products, both newly conceived and conventional. These are all obtainable in the same plant with major economy, versatility and environmental respect. This has permitted to revolutionise the polyethylene market.